Create. 2163 Abstract Among the various pathologies of the oral cavity, the formation of "unsightly black spots" on the surface of the tooth, universally known as Black Stain (BS) has recently been acquiring more interest. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Significance of stains, Stains occur in 3 ways, Brown Stain (pellicle) and more. Some scientific research suggests that it is associated with iron compounds (ferric sulfide) and betel leaf chewing habits. producing color or pigment. Terms in this set (35) extrinsic and intrinsic. Tooth whitening procedures 4. other types of stains A light to very dark green extrinsic stain appearing primarily on the labial surface of the teeth due to inadequate daily removal cleaning, chromogenic bacterial deposits or decomposed hemoglobin. smeared irregularly over facial surface, 3. Study sets, textbooks, questions. Subjects. 3. Black line stain-unknown/natural tendency-cervical 3rd aprox 1mm above gingival margin and aprox 1mm wide-usually on posterior teeth on linguals-occurs in females and with patients with good oral hygiene. Create. Subjects. 10. 1 mm from gingival margin. result from chemical interaction with the tooth surface that create a colored stain. Stains, Selective Polishing, Disclosing study guide by ssilvia5 includes 20 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. A stain that occur on the external surfaces of the teeth that may be removed by polishing. Mode of attachment= acquires pellicle. is a highly retentive black or dark brown calculus like stain that forms along the gingival third near the gingival margin. originates from chromogenic bacteria (which causes the color) metallic stain. It’ll help prevent some staining. Brown stain resulting from foodstuffs such as coffee or tea E. Black-line stain is a highly retentive black or darkbrown calculus-like stain that forms along the gingival third near the gingival margin. 'Black stain' is a form of extrinsic staining affecting the buccal and palatal surfaces of primary and permanent teeth. a thin line either facially or lingually near gingival margin that reoccurs and is caused by chromogenic bacteria. Green stain is most commonly found where? Black staining of teeth due to Chromogenic (coloured) bacteria can be a source of poor self-esteem for patients, especially children. Microbiota analysis. Chromogenic bacteria can blacken the biofilm between teeth. It is caused by chromogenic bacteria e. 3. chromogenic bacteria & fungi and gingival hemorrhage. smeared and streaked . posterior teeth -often found in people with excellent oral hygiene. It appears as a thin black line, which is firmly attached to the tooth surface, and most commonly near the gumline of the facial and lingual surfaces of a tooth. Chromogenic Bacteria stain on teeth . - C: Green stain, which is also found in clients with poor oral hygiene, occurs near the cervical third of the teeth - black stain (black-line stain) can occur in clients with meticulous oral hygiene. High tendency for recurrence: (1) Associated with low incidence of caries in children. 1% had black stains. gram positive bacteria; typically located on cervical 1/3 of facials and linguals. B. 'Black stain' is a form of extrinsic staining affecting the buccal and palatal surfaces of primary and permanent teeth. The current study focuses on teeth blackening by chromogenic bacteria and various factors promoting the biofilm formation and its treatment by an alternative herbal approach. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like location and removal, Extrinsic stains, Intrinsic stains and more. black-line stain. 2 A U =0. Colonies of these orange or green bacteria usually mean that you need to do a better job of cleaning your child's teeth. Cigarette smoking has been associated with a number of diseases, and all of them are far worse than simple staining of the teeth. coffee, fruit juices and red wine. The leading causes of black material developing between teeth include dense plaque and calculus buildup, food/drink stains, tobacco use, defective dental work, trauma, medications, periodontal disease, and certain medical conditions. I have always had pretty good hygiene, brushing morning and night and flossing daily, so I. are reported with several drawbacks. b. smeared irregularly over facial surface, 3. Light or yellowish green to very dark green. Click the card to flip 👆. Match. The dental black stain (BS) is formed due to the colonisation of chromogenic bacteria, which is commonly reported in the population at the pre-puberty age. Results: The prevalence of black stain was 8. gingiva characteristics with black-line stain. Biofilm-associated bacteria are resistant to antibiotics and antimicrobial agents. First statement is true. Most commonly are from Chlorhexodine, coffee. Near gum line on front & back of teeth 2. exogenous and endogenous. Stains occur from dyes in food, beverages, tobacco, mouth rinses, exposure to metallic compounds, the presence of chromogenic bacteria (colour-producing bacteria) and poor oral hygiene. Source. continous line at cervical 1/3 near margin. What is black line stain composed of? Gram (+) actinomycetes. Tips for Preventing Chromogenic Bacteria Stains. extrinsicclinical- light or yellowish green to dark green, line or crescent shape, facial surfaces (cervical 3rd of max anterior), area beneath stain could be decalcified, may be intrinsic, Skinner solution may be helpful in removal etiology- chromogenic bacteria and fungi, decomposed hemoglobin from hemorrhage, poor oral hygiene (materia alba and food. Introduction. Chlorhexidine; antibiofilm. The bacteria found on black stain are usually gram-positive and therefore, the stain is not an indication of periodontal. Green stain is most commonly found where?That portion of the tooth that is visible in the oral cavity. true or false: intrinsic stain can be fixed with bleaching and. SOURCE-comes from chromogenic bacteria and hemoglobin in bacteria-occurs in primary teeth Black line stain where is the stain? caries and fissures? -GM is demarcated from the brown-black stains -low caries -black in fissuresStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Amelogenesis Imperfecta, Chlorophyll, Chromogenic and more. Most of them can figure out what’s. Reforms after removal. Poor dental hygiene and tartar buildup can also result in dark stains on the teeth. There are so many bacteria in your mouth they are constantly changing; there can be a complete difference in bacteria between one tooth and the next. brown tobacco stain. Stain contained within calculus and soft tissue. - discoloration depends on dose and type. b. Located: cervical 1/3 "most common" site is the maxillary incisors. 1. Stannous Fluoride; strong fluoride for radiation therapy patients to keep teeth strong, salivary glands. Terms in this set (20) Extrinsic. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Green stain, Black-line stain, Brown stain and more. 047). disclosing agent. 42 ± 0. Distinct colonies isolated from dental swabs of children with black stained teeth were grown individually on oyster shell to identify the particular isolate responsible. A statistically significant relationship was found between black stain and the prevalence of early childhood caries ( p = 0. Black line stain occurs in clean mouths {True or False} Stain is. [ 1 ] Thin black line, firmly attached to the tooth surface: Near gum line on front & back of teeth; Area in between teeth; Orange Stain: Chromogenic bacteria front and back of upper incisors: Green Stain: In children frequently associated with inadequate plaque removal (brushing) Green or greenish yellow stains of considerable thickness: front. Figure 2. Appearance: Thin black line, Distribution: Cervical third of facial and lingual, Origin: Iron supplements Tobacco Stain: Appearance, Distibution, Origin, and another type Appearance: Leathery brown to black, Distribution: Lingual cervical third, Occurrence &. Most often seen in children with enamel irregularities. Stains that Originate from sources outside the tooth - May be extrinsic & intrinsic and become incorporated within the tooth structure . Black stain is generally seen in the cervical portion of molar teeth in children. It looks like pigmented black lines along the gumline. -pulpless or traumatized teeth-developmental issues -amelogenesis. Linked to chromogenic bacteria & requires scaling to remove. 3) Chromogenic bacteria 4) Any age, Primarily childhood; permanent or primary teeth 5) Depends on home care 6) Poor oral hygiene 7) Often demineralized teeth under green stain, not wise to scale these teeth, should polish instead 8) Check what drugs, where they work, or do they smoke marijuana black line stain-Gram positive bacteria-Another name:. primarily facial often extends to proximal, most frequently facial gingival third of maxillary anterior teeth chromogenic bacteria and fungi. light brown to dark leathery brown or black. occurs first in center of intermicrobial matrix. -primarily facial -chromogenic bacteria and fungi -Occur at any age -results from bad oral health care, chromogenic. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Medical and dental history, Extrinsic stain, Yellow stain and more. It is an extrinsic stain that can be removed. Mechanical wearing away of teeth or tooth substance seen as a v-shaped depression at the CEJ caused by toothpicks or brushing too hard. The currently available methods for black stain prevention such as dental scaling, scraping and use of chemicals etc. Chromogenic bacteria, fungi, decomposed hemoglobin and inorganic elements. 2 different categories of sources. Create. Biofilm (plaque) - colorless, soft, sticky coating made of microorganisms adhering to oral structures - attachment: bacteria firmly adheres to the acquired pellicle, surfaces of the teeth or restorations and remains attached despite muscle action or water rinsing - Rate of formation: readily visualized on teeth after 24-48. Usually teeth are clean, iron compounds in saliva. intrinsic stains, Which of the following is not a characteristic of endogenous stains? A. 2- biofilm maturation. caused by chromogenic bacteria, fungi, chlorophyll. Subjects. Chromogenic Bacteria: are well known for causing black stains on teeth. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What are the ways stains can adhere to the teeth?, Gingival disease and tooth decay are related to what?, True/false extrinsic stains can be removed, as they are on the external surface of the tooth and more. black line stain. This discolouration usually goes away when permanent teeth come in but if it does not disappear then you should get your child to a dentist. yellow, green, black line, and tobacco. EXOGENOUS STAINS . external-stain adhering to tooth surfaces-stain contained within calculus or soft depositsBlack Line Stains *Lingual surface *More often in females than males, more often in children than adult *Chromogenic bacteria. Staining due to tobacco. ) Streaked, following grooves or lines on enamel-Superimposed by soft yellow or grey debris-Dark green may become embedded into the surface enamel and observed as an exogenous intrinsic stain once superficial layers of deposit are removed. When the black line bacteria was introduced to my mouth, it thrived due to very little competition. are reported with several drawbacks. Black Line Stain, Extrinsic. Extrinsic black stains on teeth are shown to have a relation with a low incidence. -Most frequently found on lingual and proximal surfaces of maxillary. It is thought the iron compound is formed due to the interaction of hydrogen sulfide produced by the chromogenic bacteria and iron in the saliva or gingival fluids *Dental stains orthodontics OHE Effective health communication preventive counseling and behavior change caries management caries risk assessment and salivary testing. If you are taking the dental hygiene board exams, try your best to memorize the summary of teeth staining below. Dental Materials - Teeth whitening materials. extrinsic stain that becomes incorporated into tooth surface. Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related. Exogenous staining. Expert solutions. stains are removed by: poo OH, enamel roughness, organic salts in saliva, salivary flow, habits. Test. Chromogenic Bacteria: These bacteria are known to produce dark-colored compounds when they interact with certain dietary components, leading to black or dark brown stains on the tooth surface. 7 black-stained teeth. Drugs that could cause metallic stain - iron sulfide - potassium permaganate. • teeth appear translucent or opalescent and vary in color from gray to. Learn. -Bacteria can cause demineralization/decay under stain. cervical 3rd, meds (vit), manners/factory workers (inhaled) tetracycline. Of all the children involved, 6. Study Chapter 22 Dental Stains and Discolorations flashcards. DISCUSSION. The results suggest that the black material is a ferric salt, probably. What are the three ways that discolorations of the teeth can occur?. to identify dental plaque for purpose of patient, instruction, evaluation, & research. stain incorporated within the tooth and structure or the restorative materal. Rare, seen on anterior teeth-produced by chromogenic bacteria. if teeth have a black line stain, they are. Color of Stain. Using tobacco, drinking coffee or tea and consuming alcohol can lead to black teeth stains. Oh, and it's light yellowish green to dark green. Black stain (BS) manifests as dots or black lines distributed in parallel to the gingival margin of teeth commonly in the cervical third, and is firmly attached to the enamel, thereby complicating its removal. Log in. Chromogenic bacteria or fungi are retained and nourished in dental biofilm producing the colour of the stain What are predisposing factors related to green stain? lack of personal oral care, the presence of means for retention of dental biofilm and retained food debris. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Amelogenesis Imperfecta, Chlorophyll, Chromogenic and more. metals and metallic salts may be inhaled in industrial settings or taken orally in certain drugs, or comprise part of the material used to restore teeth. This type of stain is associated with a low incidence of cavities in children and adults, and is caused by a type of Gram-positive bacteria that produces a certain colour, or chroma, which makes it identifiable. chromogenic bacteria and gingival bleeding. chronologic. 1. green stain. are always intrinsic. Black stain: is a thin black line, firmly attaches, tends to recur, common in woman, may occur in excellent hygiene. It could also mean that your child is a mouth breather. A sticky mass that contains bacteria and grown in colonies on the teeth. Match. I take very good care of my teeth, and it didn't seem to matter how much I brushed or flossed. May also be associated with decalcification of the tooth under the stain. Black stain (BS) is a specific type of extrinsic dyschromia caused by the presence of chromogenic bacteria in the oral cavity, which occurs more frequently in children, but. Black line stain. It could also mean that your child is a mouth breather. Can be found on the lingual & facial surfaces of the anterior teeth near the gingival margin. stain can be incorporated within the tooth structure or the restorative material. • There are many exogenous & endogenous substances that can stain teeth, along with chromogenic bacteria that are also capable of resulting in stain. Black tooth stain is a type of extrinsic discoloration of the tooth. Near a gingival margin of facial and lingual surfaces. Chromogenic Bacteria. chromogenic bacteria. Study sets, textbooks, questions. Sign up. -yellow stain-green stain-black line stain-tobacco stain-brown-betel leaf- Enamel under stain is sometimes demineralized as a result of cariogenic biofilm - Primarily on facial tooth surfaces; most frequently facial cervical third of maxillary anterior teeth - Chromogenic bacteria and fungi, decomposed hemoglobin, and inorganic elements - Primarily found in childhood but can occur at any ageIntroduction. In fact, among the metabolic products synthesised by bacteria in the oral cavity, hydrogen sulphide is of. That black line may result from having stain-forming bacteria in your mouth. I have other patients that only drink water and green tea that have dark stain, too. They develop due to the presence of certain chrmogenic bacteria or by the use of staining substances. The two ways a stain can be classified by source. The dental black stain (BS) is formed due to the colonisation of chromogenic bacteria, which is commonly reported in the population at the pre-puberty age. However, black spots on teeth are not necessarily caused by tooth decay, as bacteria can also form black spots and produce black pigment on teeth. Green or Orange Stain: usually on your child's front teeth at the gum line. Black tooth stain is a characteristic extrinsic discoloration commonly seen on the cervical enamel following the contour of the gingiva caused by chromogenic bacteria. 1. The presence of pigmentation from chromogenic bacteria is a relatively common in day-to-day practice finding. The stains look like pigmented black lines along the gumline and are due to the presence of a form of bacterial plaque living in the child’s mouth. Chromogenic bacteria from poor oral hygiene. So far there is no significant and safe treatment available. Occurs sometimes as a result of taking drugs containing iron. black line stain - gram and rods bacteria - lingual and proximal surfaces of maxillary posterior teeth and occlusal pits - slightly above gingiva - feels like "speed bump" tobacco stains}Embedded in biofilm}Can exist as a curved line following contour of facial gingiva, streaked through grooves in enamel, or covering cervical 1/3 to ½ of facial surfaces. extrinsic stains C. Learn. Black stain is characterized as a dark line or an incomplete coalescence of dark dots localized on the cervical third of the tooth. Baby teeth can develop a type of bacteria that causes brownish to black extrinsic stains on the surface of teeth. Black tooth stain (BTS) is a common condition characterized by an extrinsic discoloration of teeth due to the deposition of bacterial plaque enriched in calcium phosphate minerals and insoluble iron-containing compounds (1, 2). Etiology green stain results from oral uncleanliness chromogenic bacteria and from DH 311 at Northern Arizona UniversityMostly Lingual & Proximal of mx posterior teeth (Extrinsic Stain) Black Line Stain Occurrence. Supragingival tartar is the one that covers the visible surfaces of your teeth. Orange tooth stains typically occur near the gum line and are caused by the presence of chromogenic (photographic) bacteria or food buildup. Match. 4 to 1 6% of primary teeth. Old plaque can remain stuck between teeth, in grooves, and along the gum line. However, the association with the dmft index was not. Introduction. I wonder if it's because this bacteria is immune to good hygiene, so you're killing the bacteria that don't cause this stain,, allowing the black line stain bacteria to thrive. incorporated into the tooth and cannot be removed by patient or professional (except by whitening procedures). Participants with BTS had a lower caries burden and better oral. Besides affecting how a person’s smile looks, green teeth. }Usually found on maxillary anterior teeth of children, but can be found at any age. Black-Line stain Tobacco stain. firm, little or no tendency to bleed. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Dental stains, Classify stain by. 99/year. Where does black line stain occur? What is a countinous 1mm wide line and is found in gerneally clean mouths. Start studying Stains & Polishing. 59 terms · Most stains occur on _______ of the teeth → The cervical 1/3, T/F: Stains incorporated within the tooth structure can be removed. – air flow (pressurized jet or bicarbonate or glycine micro-grains) – polishing with micro-abrasive pastes. -Black or Black-line Stain-Tobacco Stain-Brown Stains-Orange or Red Stain. Second statement is false. Abstract. This bacteria produce hydrogen sulphide that reacts with saliva in mouth and form black stains on teeth. Black Line Stain. Usually on buccal and lingual surfaces of posterior teeth. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like where do extrinsic stains occur, where do intrinsic stains occur, where do exogenous stains develop and more. Black line stain is. Continuous line follows contour of gingival crest. 99/year. Hereditary (Dentinogenesis Imperfecta) Dentin didn't form. Thin black line, firmly. 1,3 The antibiotics alter the normal flora, allowing chromogenic bacteria to grow and. Upgrade to remove ads. For example, a black line stain on teeth is usually an indication that certain minerals have been fossilized into the tartar. The good news is most of stain can be removed by a dental professional. Stain. Outcomes: Occurrence of dental caries, number of teeth affected, number of surfaces affected. Most tooth stains are easy to remove, but a few develop as teeth are forming. Exposure: black stains of any amount or extent related to primary teeth. Create. . primarily in children - COMPOSITION * Chromogenic bacteria,. more centers form in 24-72 hours. - Stains that Occur within the tooth substance and cannot be removed by techniques of scaling and polishing. Green or Orange Stain: usually on your child's front teeth at the gum line. It may be clinically diagnosed as pigmented, dark lines parallel to the gingival. Green stain III. There is no consensus in the literature about its etiology and even epidemiology [1 1 Zhang F, Li Y, Xun Z, Zhang Q, Liu H, Chen F. Tobacco. One is a dark black tooth stain, but it’s also possible for the discoloration to be green, orange, or blue. Over the last century, the etiology of black stain has been the subject of much debate. On the other hand, black gums can be a sign of gum disease. Directed Extrinsic Stain. 1. 3- mineralization. metallic dusts, green teas, drugs (weed). (2) Chromogenic bacteria-e. Green stain resulting from poor oral hygiene B. If you are taking the dental hygiene board exams, try your best to memorize the summary of teeth staining below. Endogenous. Intrinsic Stains (In). stain within tooth structure or restorative material (1 & 2 can be removed by scaling or polishing) Importance of stain removal. Tartar can have a black color and may appear as little black spots on teeth near the gum line. Coronal Polishing. Example of chromogenic bacteria. located within the tooth structure. Other causes for extrinsic tooth discoloration include habits like smoking, betel leaf chewing, use of mouth rinses like chlorhexidene, increased intake of beaverages like tea and coffee, intake of iron supplements in the form of tonics etc. 2. According to the reviewed articles published between 2001 and 2014, the prevalence of black. Then the antibiotic killed it off. Product Manager, Alexis Collins, stated, “Stratum. orange stain-extrinsic-chromogenic bacteria in plaque; associated with poor oral hygiene; typically located on anterior teeth. A traumatic ulcer, Which of the following can be observed on the lingual surfaces of the maxillary anterior teeth? A. " Color-pale green. Area in. - Black line stain occurs despite regular personal care. This ten-year clinical follow-up after tooth bleaching allows to affirm that there is a change in the expression pattern of stains caused by chromogenic bacteria, showing the influence of bleaching agents on the oral microbiota. Coat lips with lubricate. Tooth discoloration is a frequent dental finding associated with clinical and esthetic problems. brushing, scaling, polishing, hydrogen peroxide. 2. Methods: Actinomyces sp. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The condition is more common in children than adults. Most observed stains are. a wide range of colors exist; stains may be light yellow-brown, slate gray, reddish-brown, dark drown, bluish-black, or black. Log in. Pulpless or traumatized teeth Disturbances in tooth development Drug-Induced stains and discolorations Other systemic causes. -yellow stain-green stain-black line stain-tobacco stain-brown-betel leafIntroduction. Match. or Streaked following the grooves or lines of enamel. Test. Intrinsic. Extrinsic black dental staining is an external dental discoloration of bacterial origin, considered a special form of dental plaque. Create. Study EXAM 2: DENTAL STAINS flashcards. Black stain (BS) manifests as dots or black lines distributed in parallel to the gingival margin of teeth commonly in the cervical third, and is firmly attached to the enamel, thereby complicating. Stannous fluoride Foodstuffs such as tea, coffee, soy sauce Chlorhexidine rinse Betel leaf in eastern cultures. The stain is extrinsic and removable. characteristics of green stain - black or brown. Terms in this set (15) Extrinsic. leah_m_royal Plus. DESCRIBE THE STAINS CAUSED FROM METALLIC DUST OF INDUSTRY . Comparators: children without dental black stains. chewing substance that stains teeth. orange and red stains. black line stain-calculus like stain-base of pits and fissures - all ages; more common in childhood-. scaling and polishing, brushing and flossing. 3 Additionally, previous theories postulated that chromogenic bacteria, such as P. Home. Saliva ejector. Chromogenic bacteria from poor oral hygiene. light pink=acquired pellicle. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Chromogenic bacteria is the primary cause for black stain on children’s teeth. Black stain (BS) manifests as dots or black lines distributed in parallel to the gingival margin of teeth commonly in the cervical third, and is firmly attached to the enamel, thereby complicating. 1311 Jackson Ave Dental. The etiology of tooth discoloration can vary from extrinsic and intrinsic factors such as foods, drinks, smoking, poor oral hygiene, diseases that affects enamel, medications, genetics, trauma to. Usually appear along cervical 1/3 mostly on anterior teeth from chromogenic bacteria. calculus formation. occurs on the external (outer) surface of the tooth. Test. If you are taking the dental hygiene board exams, try your best to memorize the summary of teeth staining below. In contrast, black line stains contain a low number of cariogenic bacteria, which means fewer harmful cavity-causing agents are present. Tobacco Products: Smoking or chewing tobacco can result in extrinsic stains on the teeth, which can range from yellow to dark brown or black. The stain ones could have overtaken another type and that's why you're getting more stain now. BTS is clinically diagnosed based on the deposition of dark-colored lines or dots parallel to the gingival. Esthetics Retention - thick stain provide a rough surface for biofilm to collect Evaluation of patient homecare. Orange and red stains VII. It is an extrinsic stain that can be removed. 007) had a lower likelihood of having BTS. Flashcards. Sign up. Solutions. occurs within the tooth surface - not removed by mechanical means. It can turn grayish-black over time due to exposure to certain substances that stain it. 1 mm from gingival margin. Hygiene is. or silver amalgam which is an outside source and intrinsically stain teeth. This "external cause" pigmentation problem usually occurs in children's milk teeth. Stain usually caused by food pigments on dental biofilm, common to all ages, more evident when care is neglected, appears a dull yellow. – whitening toothpastes. Which stain is more common in females. purpose of disclosing agent. I wonder if it's because this bacteria is immune to good hygiene, so you're killing the bacteria that don't cause this stain,, allowing the black line stain bacteria to thrive. The most common is a black stain caused by Actinomyces species. Chapter 22: Dental Stains and Discolorations.